Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Australia - Essay Example They were thought to have arrived here from the South East Asia during the last ice age. The belief is that the aboriginals numbered at least one million and scatter across 300 clans with at least 250 languages and 700 dialects between them. Due to the relatively dry environment of the country, the aboriginals were forced to become nomadic tribes traveling on a quest of trade, finding water, and food. Australia was founded in unforgiving territory. Stemming from the outback desserts, tropical rain forests, and snow capped mountains, the early aboriginals believe in the myth that the totemic spirits ancestors are all connected to nature, the past, present, and future (â€Å"Australias History†). This was the state of Australia before the British colonized the land for their own means. It was Captain James Cook who in the 17th century chartered the east coast in the name of Britain. When he first landed on Australian soil, the continent was recognized by most sailors as New Holland. Britain was more than happy to claim the land because its location made it perfect to use as a penal colony. As a new outpost, the penal colony came into being on January 26 1788 with the first British inhabitants alighting in Australia. A fleet of 11 ships carried 1.500 people with more than half of them being convicts. By 1868 it is believed that at least 160,000 men and women had settled in Australia as convicts being punished or banished by Britain. Of course life was different for the free settlers who came in during the 1790s. The convicts were constant under threat of losing their lives in the harsh conditions and even harsher treatment from the officers of the colony. Suffering alongside the convicts were the aboriginals who were displaced, their lands, stolen, and their tradit ional lifestyle and practices no longer fitting into the new world of Australia as

Influence of pH on the activity of Potato catalase Essay Example for Free

Influence of pH on the activity of Potato catalase Essay Therefore SA = 7. 065mmi. So, 7. 065mmi x 50mm will provide the volume of the 5cmi space in the manometer tube, which is 353. 25mmi. The rate of reaction can now be calculated as: Rate of Reaction = Volume Time The results for the rate of reaction are displayed as follows: pH Average Time/Seconds Rate of Reaction: Rate of Reaction Results Graph: Conclusion: From the average time and rate of reaction results, it can clearly be seen that the fastest and shortest reaction time was for the pH of 6. 3. Basically, this shows that the most appropriate pH for the enzyme Catalase to function in is a pH of 6. 3 as it the enzyme is forming a complex with the substrate and producing the by-products Hi O and Oi , at a faster rate. The least effective pH buffer to use in a Catalase reaction would be a pH of 2. 8, although there may be more inhibiting pHs outside the range used in the experiment. The longest reaction was for the pH 2.8 and the smallest rate of reaction was also, therefore pH 2. 8. Moving up the pH range used in the experiment, the rate of reaction continues to increase until the optimal point of pH 6. 3, where the rate of reaction slows and average time taken begins to increase above this point, as shown in the pH 8. 3 results and graph. Evaluation: Overall, the experiment was conducted in a suitable way that enabled the collection of relatively reliable results; however as with most experiments there were some sources of error in its conduction that will have had an effect on the results. The main error in this experiment was the factor of human error; this was mainly present in the measuring and timing stages of the experiment. The measurement of the buffer solutions, hydrogen peroxide and cutting of potato discs will have had slight discrepancies in their quantities; this will have had a small effect on the results as the enzyme and substrate amounts will have varied and the rate at which products are formed will have increased or decreased. To eliminate human error in the experiment the measurements and timing would have to be done by using more technological equipment, in order to gain precise results. Another factor that will have influenced results is the presence of inhibitors when the reaction took place; these occur naturally and can be either competitive or non-competitive: A competitive inhibitor molecule has a similar structure to the normal substrate molecule, and it can fit into the active site of the enzyme. It therefore competes with the substrate for the active site, so the reaction is slower. A non-competitive inhibitor molecule is quite different in structure from the substrate molecule and does not fit into the active site. It binds to another part of the enzyme molecule, changing the shape of the whole enzyme, including the active site, so that it can no longer bind substrate molecules. Non-competitive inhibitors therefore simply reduce the amount of active enzyme; similar to decreasing the enzyme concentration. In conclusion, the presence of these inhibitors will have altered the reaction by increasing or decreasing the rate at which the products are produced. There will have been limitations in the results as the range of buffer solution pHs used in the experiment were inadequate to determine an exact optimal pH for the enzyme Catalase to function. To find the optimal pH, further tests could have been conducted by using pHs with closer intervals within the range of 4. 5 and 6. 5, where the rate of reaction increases sharply, as shown on the graph by an arrow. By analysing the results and the graphs that were produced, there are no obvious anomalies in the results achieved; however there may have been a slight discrepancy in one result which is marked on the graph/s with a circle. This could have been a consequence of any of the factors mentioned above in the evaluation section.

Market Segmentation :: Business Management Studies

Market Segmentation What is Segmentation? Market segmentation is the practice of dividing a market into identifiable groups of customers with common characteristics and motivations. This is so that each group can be treated independantly, tailoring the marketing mix to meet the needs of each segment. Furthermore, opportunities for new products and any niche markets are highlighted. Segmentation also portrays which segemets are doing well, which are likey profitable to be profitable/worth pursuing, which segments need additional marketing support and which should be ignored. Psychographic This affects the psychological motivation of the purchaser. It’s based on the benefits that the products/services offer to the purchaser. Factors that affect the buying decisions are increasingly emotive rather than practical. Psychological factors are: - Life style Segmentation is based on actual lifestyle differences as well as perception. Different lifestlyes fall into different catogories, for example modern and trend-setting or traditional with few changes. Another example would be expensive and willing to pay money or unwilling to spend more than that is necessary. - Interests These would include sports, leisure activities and hobbies. - Attitudes Markets can be analysed and segmentated by attitude to politics, lifestyle, certain products. For example an example concerning chocolate and food be that some people would be willing to eat non-organic foods others don't. - Opinions Identifies group with similar opinions on political and social issues. Opinion polls are used to find the moods and feeligs of the target group and the products can be tailored to appeal to the target audience e.g Iceland appeals to consumers due to its no GM product policy. - Values Values are influenced by family and social conditioning and the product can be adapted to reflect values of the product. For example fair-trade chocolate bars may appeal to ethica customers. - Taste Products can be catogrised to be in good or bad taste. Bad taste may be seen as bad or offensive to some people but good to others because its entertaining to others. For example a film with 'gross out' images and storylines offends older people but amuses the youth. This portrays how different people have different tastes. How segmentation has affected the development of DeLights has been incorporated when explaining the marketing mix each of the 4 P's. Demographic Demographic segmentation is where a market is analysed and divided into groups based on demographic factors such as age and sex. These factors relate to the social and economic features of the market being segmented. Demographic variables can be closely related to customer needs and purchasing behaviour, this helps producers target their product more effectively. Age  · Consumer needs and wants change with age although they may wish to sell the same product to different types of people for example Market Segmentation :: Business Management Studies Market Segmentation What is Segmentation? Market segmentation is the practice of dividing a market into identifiable groups of customers with common characteristics and motivations. This is so that each group can be treated independantly, tailoring the marketing mix to meet the needs of each segment. Furthermore, opportunities for new products and any niche markets are highlighted. Segmentation also portrays which segemets are doing well, which are likey profitable to be profitable/worth pursuing, which segments need additional marketing support and which should be ignored. Psychographic This affects the psychological motivation of the purchaser. It’s based on the benefits that the products/services offer to the purchaser. Factors that affect the buying decisions are increasingly emotive rather than practical. Psychological factors are: - Life style Segmentation is based on actual lifestyle differences as well as perception. Different lifestlyes fall into different catogories, for example modern and trend-setting or traditional with few changes. Another example would be expensive and willing to pay money or unwilling to spend more than that is necessary. - Interests These would include sports, leisure activities and hobbies. - Attitudes Markets can be analysed and segmentated by attitude to politics, lifestyle, certain products. For example an example concerning chocolate and food be that some people would be willing to eat non-organic foods others don't. - Opinions Identifies group with similar opinions on political and social issues. Opinion polls are used to find the moods and feeligs of the target group and the products can be tailored to appeal to the target audience e.g Iceland appeals to consumers due to its no GM product policy. - Values Values are influenced by family and social conditioning and the product can be adapted to reflect values of the product. For example fair-trade chocolate bars may appeal to ethica customers. - Taste Products can be catogrised to be in good or bad taste. Bad taste may be seen as bad or offensive to some people but good to others because its entertaining to others. For example a film with 'gross out' images and storylines offends older people but amuses the youth. This portrays how different people have different tastes. How segmentation has affected the development of DeLights has been incorporated when explaining the marketing mix each of the 4 P's. Demographic Demographic segmentation is where a market is analysed and divided into groups based on demographic factors such as age and sex. These factors relate to the social and economic features of the market being segmented. Demographic variables can be closely related to customer needs and purchasing behaviour, this helps producers target their product more effectively. Age  · Consumer needs and wants change with age although they may wish to sell the same product to different types of people for example

Poety

Similarities of Music and Poetry The song â€Å"I Swear this Time I Mean it† is by a band called Mayday Parade. The song is on their Anywhere but Here album that was released in 2009. This speicfic song has a lot of similarities including poetic devices, denotation and connotaion and also musical presentaion. Poetic devices are very common in music including the song â€Å"I Swear this Time I Mean it†. The first poetic device noticed in this song is rhyme. Rhyming is when two words sound the same or have the same ending. Rhyming words usually occur at the end of poetic lines.An example from the song would be â€Å"If luck is on my side tonight my clumsy tongue will make it right. † The rhyming words are â€Å"tonight† and â€Å"right†. The singer is saying if hes lucky tonight he'll fix his his mistakes and make them right. The singer uses rhyme to pull the song together. The next poetic device noticed in the song is personification. Personification is when an unhuman object is givin a human characteristic. An example from the song is â€Å"Oh Florida please be still tonight. † That is personification because Florida can't move in the first place.The last poetic device in the song is repitition. Repition occurs in the song when he sings â€Å"And I'll sing a melody† and â€Å"Sleeping softly while I sing† the singer repeats the word â€Å"sing† throughout the song. Every word has denotation and connotation. Denotation is the dictionary definition of a word. Connotation is â€Å"an idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing†. An example from the song is the word â€Å"serene†. Denotation of the word serene is â€Å"Unaffected by disturbance; calm and unruffled. † A connotation of the word serene would be calm, tranquill or also peaceful.I know the connotation of the word serene because once i knew the definition i knew other words with the same meaning. Anoth er word from the song is â€Å"clumsy. † The denotation of clumsy is awkward in movement or handling things. Connotation for clumst would be the words awkward or gawky. I know the connotation because â€Å"awkward† is in the defintion. The last word for denotation and connotation is â€Å"overrated† The denotation of overrated is â€Å"an estimate that is too high† A connotation for the word overrated would be exaggerated.I know the connotation because exaggerated also means to overstate something. Musical presentation is imporant in music because thats how singers express themselves and their songs. The first musical presentaion of the songs is rythm. Rythm is important in songs because its the beat of the music playing. Songs usually have the same rythm throughout a song changing at the chorus. The necxt musical presentation is the instruments they use to create the song. While listening to the song you can hear the guitar, the bass and the drums and al so they use a microphone to tone and make their voices louder.The last musical presentaion is the mood of the song. The singers mood seems regretful and sad. I think this because the song is slow and if you listen to the lyrics you know what the songs about. He let a girl down and he wants her to forgive him and take him back. Thats also how you can hear the sadness in the song. There is a lot of similarities between poetry and music. They both express feelings and use similar writing techniques. This speicfic song has a lot of similarities including poetic devices, denotation and connotaion and also musical presentaion.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Essay

Many people are affected by genetic disorders every day. Abnormalities in one’s DNA are what cause a genetic disorder. These disorders could be as little as a mutation in a single gene. In another case, they could be as severe as having an extra chromosome, or taking away a chromosome. Genetic disorders are present from birth, but they may not be visibly seen until a later age. Some mutations could be heritable, or from your parents genes. Some forms of cancer can be inherited form a parent. Although, in most cases, these mutations are new changes to the DNA. â€Å"All humans have the same basic set of genes†. This means that everyone has the probability that they could get a genetic disorder. The thing that makes us different is the genetic sequence. There are many different types of genetic disorders. A few of them are: Angleman syndrome, Hemophilia, Sickle-cell disease, Neurofibromatosis, Cri du chat, and Down syndrome. People are born with these diseases and have to face many challenges every day to live with these genetic mutations. This essay is going to specifically cover one genetic disorder called Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a genetic disorder that occurs in the nervous system. Each word in ALS briefly describes what the disorder is. Amyotrophic has two parts to it. The prefix â€Å"amyo† means muscular atrophy. Atrophy means to waste away, typically due to the degeneration of cells. The suffix â€Å"trophic† means that it is relating to feeding and nutrition. So to sum it up, amyotrophic means that the muscles have lost their nourishment. Lateral usually means the side of something. In this case, it means that the mutation is affecting the sides of the spine. The sides of the spine are where the nerves that nourish the muscles can be found. Sclerosis is the abnormal hardening of body tissue. In this case its referring to how the mutated part of the spinal cord develops hardened or scarred tissue, in place of healthy nerves. The mutation damages nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. The damage caused by it, most of the time, leads to one’s death. After motor neurons die, the brain is unable to control muscle movement, and the victim becomes paralyzed. It targets the motor neurons that allow you to make voluntary movements and it effects your muscle strength. Voluntary movements are movements in which you control. These are movements that require you to think about the action in order for it to happen. For example, lifting you leg to kick a ball is a voluntary action. Involuntary actions do not require any thinking and some happen automatically, such as your heart beating, or breathing. There are many symptoms in that come along with ALS. Most of the symptoms do not occur unless people reach the age of 50. Although there have been some cases, where the symptoms occur in younger people. According to some studies, the first two muscles that are most often affected are the muscles that allow you to swallow and breathe. There can be many noticeable symptoms because your muscles get weaker. You may notice an increase in gagging, drooling, and choking. You may feel that you cannot lift your head up, because your neck muscles are weak. There are many physical tests that can be given to attempt to diagnose Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Certain physical tests could show muscle weakness in certain areas, weird walk or posture, and abnormal reflexes. There are tests that can be used to diagnose ALS. One method is taking a blood test, so that the doctors can rule out any other possible disease that it could be. Victims can also receive a spinal tap, a MRI, or even a family background check to see if there is any history of ALS in the family. There is one major problem with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Scientists and doctors have still not been able to find a permanent treatment for it. Although there is one medicine called riluzole that can slow down the symptoms, giving victims longer to live. Physical therapy and the use of braces, are non-medicinal ways of helping with the muscle weakness. There are many medications that can be used to help with specific symptoms of ALS. Since choking is common in someone with ALS, most people are hooked up to a tube and are fed through it. This is called a gastrostomy. A gastrostomy is when they make an opening in the stomach from the abdominal wall so they can put in food. This is obviously a surgical procedure. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is named after Lou Gehrig, who was a famous baseball player in 1930s. The French refer to it as Maladie de Charcot because the first recording of ALS was in 1869 by a French doctor named Jean-Martin Charcot. Stephen Hawking is one of the more famous people with ALS. He has had ALS since the start of his adult life, and he has been living with it for more than 50 years. Most people die from it three to five years after the symptoms become noticeable. This is why Stephen Hawking’s case is very special. It was just after his 21 birthday when he found out something was wrong. Yet he is still living and doing the most he can with his life. For example, being one of the smartest people on earth. People that live with ALS every day. Once the symptoms start to show, and or get serious, they are unable to care for themselves. They are usually taken care of by a family member or even a close friend. In some serious cases, victims must remain at the hospital because they are unable to eat and function without medical assistance. As mentioned previously, the victims sometimes have to be fed through a tube because they are unable to chew. Living with ALS is a very hard thing to do. It’s hard for the family members, friends, doctors, and most importantly, the victim.

The Complete Stress Management Guide for Nurses

The Complete Stress Management Guide for Nurses If you’re a nurse (or thinking of becoming one), you know that it is not a career path for the faint of heart. With demanding schedules, hectic shifts, and the unpredictability that comes from dealing with people and healthcare, there needs to be a way to balance the demands with the rewards. If you’re looking for ways to de-stress and maintain your sanity at work, we’ve got you covered. Take Care of Yourself, TooWhile you’re learning the ropes as a nurse, it’s important to set good habits early that can help prevent you from becoming overstressed and undernourished in more ways than one. Getting a healthy amount of sleep, eating a balanced diet, and setting  consistent routines can help you at every step of your career. Self-care is one of the most beneficial things you can do for yourself, even when things are chaotic and your patients take center stage.Check out the follow tips to keep you physically and mentally healthy in order to be the best possible nurse you can be.Top 3 Survival Traits for New NursesKnow What to Expect and How to DealKnowing what to expect from your new career can help ease some anxiety and stress. Sure, every gig is different and comes with a new set of challenges, but we’ve compiled the following articles that outline exactly what you need to know in order to a) start your career on the right foot, and then b) keep it going strong as you rise among the ranks.14 Things You Need to Know as a New Nurse6 Secret Weapons You Won’t Learn in Nursing School22 Reasons Being a Nurse is Really Hard5 Nursing Leadership Styles You’ll Come to Learn as a NurseGuide to a Successful Nursing CareerWhat You Need to Be a Stellar NurseNo matter where you are in your career as a nurse, these tips can help you get a handle on stress before you start feeling overwhelmed.7 Stress Management Techniques for NursesHow to Deal with Stress at Work10 Ways to Reduce Stress at WorkHow to Train Your Brain to Ke ep You Healthy in Times of StressTop 9 Stress Relieving Activities at Work That’ll Keep You HappyAnd don’t forget the ultimate stress-relief tip: make sure you have access to plenty of internet pictures of your cute baby animal of choice!Remember: You’re Not AloneNo matter how alone, challenged, or stressed you may feel, you’re part of a network of other nursing professionals who know exactly what it feels like to be in this position. Understanding that you’re not in this alone can help with some of the more challenging parts of being a nurse.Top 10 Secrets of All NursesAnd being part of that community means you don’t have to look too far to find stories that show what a worthwhile career you’ve chosen for yourself.3 Stories That Prove Nursing is Worth It10 of the Most Inspirational Parts of NursingKnow When to Move OnIf you’re feeling stressed and overwhelmed, there may not be an easy fix- it might just be time to start thinki ng about whether this job is really right for you. If leaving your current position would be the ultimate stress relief, we have lots of great resources for you to explore new opportunities and get ready to seize them.The Top 10 Highest Paying Nurse JobsWhere in the U.S. Can Nurses Find the Most Opportunities?10 Nursing Careers You Didn’t Know Existed8 Steps to Creating a Great Nursing ResumeHow to Create a Nursing Resume to Get You Hired5 Questions Every Job Hopping Nurse Should Know How to AnswerCreate a Winning Registered Nurse ResumeDespite its challenges, nursing can be one of the most fulfilling jobs around- after all, you know you’re helping people in a very immediate and concrete way. Along the way, there will be stress†¦that’s a given in every job, and especially one with high stakes. We want you to have all the tools available to help make sure that stress doesn’t take over your life, and undermine all of the great progress you’ve ma de on your career path. So take a deep breath, find some techniques that work for you (or a job exit plan, if things are just too rough), and hopefully find yourself a bit of calm and peace.

Ray Bradbury biography essays

Ray Bradbury biography essays U.S. author, born in Waukegan, Ill., on Aug. 22, 1920. In his stories, Bradbury wove together the intrigue of changing technology with insightful social commentary. One of his best-known works was 'The Martian Chronicles; a collection of interrelated stories concerning colonization of the planet Mars those attracted readers both young and old. In it, Bradbury portrayed the strengths and weaknesses of human beings as they encountered a new world. Ray Bradbury grew up in Waukegan and in Los Angeles, where he founded a magazine called Futuria Fantasia while in high school. He sold his first short story when he was 21 years old. His early stories were published in pulp magazines, but Bradbury later published stories in such mainstream magazines as The New Yorker, Mademoiselle, and the Saturday Evening Post. His science fiction and fantasy short-story collections included 'The Martian Chronicles', 'The Illustrated Man', and 'Dinosaur Tales'. Bradbury's 1980 collection, 'The Stories of Ray Bradbury', covers a wide range of topics, none of which is truly science fiction. His novels included 'Fahrenheit 451', Dandelion Wine, and 'Something Wicked This Way Comes'. 'Fahrenheit 451' was made into a motion picture in 1966, and 'The Martian Chronicles' later appeared both as a motion picture and a television miniseries. In 1954 Bradbury was honored with an award from the National Institute of Arts and Letters for his contribution to American literature. In 1956 he collaborated with John Huston to create the screenplay for 'Moby Dick'. In addition to fiction Bradbury wrote 'Zen and the Art of Writing' and also published such dramas as 'The Anthem Sprinters, 'The Wonderful Ice Cream Suit, The Pedestrian, and volumes of poetry including 'When Elephants Last in the Dooryard Bloomed', 'Where Robot Mice ...

Should You Believe Every Word in an Infomercial

Should You Believe Every Word in an Infomercial Never Believe Everything You’re Told on Television One Should Be Always Skeptical Nineteenth-century humorist Stephen Leacock once said that advertising is â€Å"the science of arresting the human intelligence long enough to get money from it.† In a society in which advertising – lies, basically – is the standard, it’s a shame that Americans are still so impervious to the deception they face every single day in print and digital advertising, billboards – and especially infomercials. These advertising films bearing lie after lie after lie serve to promote a product in an informative and supposedly objective style. But it’s possibly the most subjective thing a person hears all day, and the everyday person – well, a â€Å"consumer† in this case – should not believe every word (or even most of what they are being told) in an infomercial. To begin with, one should always be skeptical of what an infomercial tells them because the video is fundamentally an advertisement – and advertisements generally lie, or at least embellish. Advertisements exploit the emotions of the viewer, the potential buyer, into thinking the product being promoted is the best thing ever made, an item that will make their lives better longer, solve all their problems and heal their illnesses; the be-all, end-all item – the product everyone will be soon be buying! In other words, it’s one big lie. Now, of course, some infomercials will tell fewer lies than others, and some of them may actually serve to truly help people. Nonetheless, advertisements generally always embellish in some way or another, so they should never be trusted entirely. One should generally be skeptical of what an infomercial tells them, regardless of how great and perfect and awesome it sounds because they cannot test the product – most of the time – before purchasing it. The infomercial generally tells them to â€Å"buy now and save 25 percent off the whole price,† so they impulsively buy the item before considering its value and credibility – to see if it works, basically. The buyer has no way of knowing this if all they have to go by is the infomercial itself. They could be thinking they are buying a one-of-a-kind pair of sunglasses that protects them from ultraviolet sun rays, that cannot break or scratch. But they don’t know this is the case – not until they purchase them and see for themselves. The infomercial will make tons of promises validating what they are saying, but the consumer could never know for sure. This is one major reason a person should never believe every word of an infomercial: They have no way of telling if what they are being told about the product is true or not. They have to just rely on what the seasoned, greedy businessman is telling them; and that is never a smart way to make a purchase. Infomercials Are Never Objective A person at home should never entirely trust what an infomercial tells them for another very important reason: if the item is as good as the infomercial says, the potential buyer will likely have already heard about it from another person – through word-of-mouth marketing, perhaps the oldest form of advertising in the world. If something works and people like it – consider the car, the Internet, Netflix, Apple computers, coffee, writing pens, almost anything – they will tell other people about it, and others will purchase the item, too. People believe friends and family members, and they are generally distrusting of salesmen. But, unfortunately, infomercials cater mostly to gullible, elderly women sitting at home, with nothing but a phone and credit card in their hand. They will believe anything. In conclusion, infomercials should rarely be trusted in entirety; one should never believe all they are told in a video advertisement. One should never trust every word in any advertisement, either. Because they are not objective, because they can easily lie about a product’s value and workability, and because word-of-mouth advertising is always the best source of truth, the words of infomercials should not be believed – only looked at with utter skepticism. Not all advertisements are lies, of course, though many do embellish a product’s usefulness in order to convince the customer to buy this product. Once again, Stephen Leacock knew exactly what he was talking about when he postulated that advertising is nothing more than tricking people into taking their money. But it’s the way it is, perhaps the way it will always be; but people should still, nonetheless, be skeptical. One should never believe everything they are told.

Write an analytical paper on the influence the media has had on the Research

Write an analytical on the influence the media has had on the political system - Research Paper Example egative aspects of media will be highlighted along with positive aspects so as to have a clear understanding on the influence of media on political system. The entire research study will be based on secondary research as the analysis will be performed on different views or opinions given by experts. At the end of the study a brief conclusion shall outline the major areas of political system which has been influenced by media. The major aim of this research study is to analyze the media influence on political system. This study would outline the past as well as current influences which are caused by media on politics. The objectives of the research study are- The research question for the study is – â€Å"what is the influence the media had or has on political system?† Research findings will be aligned with this particular research question and aim of the study. As per Baumgarten & Voltmer (2010), media effects or media influence are generally used in communication theory, sociology and media studies to refer to appropriate theories highlighting the impact of media culture and mass media on respective audience. The process of agenda setting is an unavoidable component of news that is collected by bigger organizations and it corresponds to maximum percentage of mass media. Media often produces material which is serious and impartial; they are even accorded a greater degree of authority and respect. In real time scenario, the ethics of television and press is related to hegemonic establishment that provides essential support to existing system. â€Å"Seeing is Believing† is a famous article of 1991 which was written by Greg Philo and it described the miner’s strike taking place in United Kingdom was strongly correlated with presentation of media about the event. In this article it was highlighted that media was able to grab atte ntion of millions of people located across the globe so as to contribute their opinion towards the violence occurring in the country

Marketing communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing communications - Essay Example Advertising using these mediums has changed perspectives of brands in our minds. Furthermore, marketing tools such as aiming below-the-line marketing, direct marketing, personal selling, door-to-door selling are now being used to sell customized products to the customers just like the way they want it. Now customers can also enjoy the luxuries just by a click of a mouse or a remote on a TV to shop online, order through the phone or book products through telemarketing. A company can use many different mediums of communicating their intended message to the customers as mentioned in the preceding section. However, due to resource shortage, companies do efficient resource allocation which in the marketing world is known as adopting the right Marketing (Promotion) Mix. The Promotions Mix is the specific mix of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing that an organization uses to pursue its marketing objectives. The promotional mix itself is part of the wider marketing mix; it is one of the four P's of marketing, product, price, and place and of course promotion itself. First and foremost it is important to consider the relative strengths and weaknesses of each component/tool of the promotional mix in deciding... Typical advertising media include Yellow Pages, local newspapers, radio, television advertisements, trade journals, exhibitions and websites. The advantage of advertising is that it can reach a large and geographically dispersed audience It has a low cost per exposure, though the overall costs of making advertisements and producing and airing them might be high. Advertising also tends to create brand recognition Reinforces product existence (by consistently repeating key messages) Dramatizes company/brand Builds brand image The disadvantages can be its impersonal outlook lack of direct feedback (one-way communication) As mentioned earlier it is expensive Personal selling Personal selling is a very effective form of promotion since it allows customization according to the needs of the customers. For example it can be a presentation by a company's sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships Personal selling is very effective marketing tool for building customer relationships as personal interaction allows for feedback and adjustments; Buyers are more attentive; Sales force represents a long-term commitment; Allows for direct and immediate response to customer feedback; Disadvantages are that it is one of the most expensive of the promotional tools both in terms of time and money. But it must be borne in mind that active networking with existing customers, business associations and even suppliers can play an important role in promoting the business to a wider target audience. Sales promotion Sales promotion usually constitutes short-term, specific incentives to encourage the purchase or sale of a product or service. A large variety of sales promotion tools can be used such

Critically analyse the transtheoretical model of exercise behaviour Essay

Critically analyse the transtheoretical model of exercise behaviour change and understand the problems associated with exercise adherence - Essay Example The analysis will be done by giving important consideration to the critical address to the model as an application for modification of healthy behaviour among people. The paper shall also discuss the problems associated with the adherence of the TTM based interventions or exercise for the need of better behavioural change. A number model has been drawn specifically in order to illustrate the ways in which behavioural change within an individual is more likely to be noted. The origination of the model was done by the conceptualization by Prochaska and DiClemente in 1983. The conceptualization made use of certain theoretical constructs to make the description of the behavioural changes associated with the modification of healthy behaviour. The difference between transtheoretical model of behaviour change and other approaches is that other approaches have utilized social and biological impact to focus on the behaviour and decision-making. This makes transtheoretical model of behaviour change to be more relevant and specific to human behaviour change (Moran, 2004). The contribution of Prochaska and DiClemente is basically a sum mixture of different theoretical basis of psychotherapies and models. The generalization on which the transtheoretical model of behaviour change is based is the occurrence of change over the time. The application of the TTM is considered to be effective in case of modification and promotion of healthy activities in the daily routine of humans. It is an obvious fact that humans can gain a great deal of mental stability and behavioural activity by implementation physical exercise. TTM based physical exercise can bring positive change among individuals because of the analytical grounds on which the behaviour change is measured (Carlin, 2009). As per the grounds of the model, it has been noted that the behavioural change can occur in five categorized stages. These stages are noted to be Pre-contemplation stage, contemplation

Communication mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Communication mix - Essay Example Communication mix is one of the most important promotional tools, or marketing functions used in the implementations of marketing campaigns. Modern commercial advertising is the persuasive force that aims at changing customers' attitudes and pattern of behaviour to a product or service in ways, which would be favourable to the seller. This is necessary as the needs and wants of consumers continually change as they pass through the different economic stages of the family life cycle. The relative importance of advertising has been determined by the qualities it can add to a marketing campaign in the travel and tourism sector. Additional elements of the communication mix compliment advertising however they are not significant or effective enough to replace advertising within this sector. The essential process of communication involves sending messages to potential consumers using a variety of methods in order to create awareness and understanding of why people should purchase a specific product or service. If the method of communication is the most appropriate, then there is a possibility that the potential consumer will buy the product or service. The simple aim being to raise awareness levels, generate interest and to enhance brand development amongst consumers. Advertising is just one element of the 'communications mix'. The simple aim being to raise awareness levels, generate interest and to enhance brand development amongst consumers. Advertising is one of the most important promotional tools, or marketing functions used in the implementation of marketing campaigns. This is due to its persuasive force that aims at changing customers' attitudes and patterns of behaviour to a product or service in ways, which would be favourable to the seller. This is necessary as the needs and wants of consumers continually change as they pass through the different economic stages of the family life cycle. Advertising, along with other components of the 'communications mix' also helps to identify brand identities, the idea being that customers see these identities as being tantamount with quality and dependability. To inform potential customers and users of the existence of the product which can be valuable to the prospective customer To remind existing users of the continued existence of the product and improvements. To regain lost customers and accounts. To stimulate enquiries Analysis Bad Communication Plan: Red Bull How should Red Bull market its brand in the future even though Red Bull has been very successful in the pervious years , but now times have changed thus the organization as well as products must change as well , or else red bull will most likely lose market share to the numerous competitors in a matter a few years . In the early morning and mid night, Red Bull energy drink was once the selected by the people of every field. But nowadays it marketing communication plan has become worn-out, it is old fashioned and not

Copper pipe Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Copper pipe - Research Paper Example The fluid that can evaporate is chosen from many available fluids that do not freeze at normal temperatures. Solar collectors that have 0.5 inches have the advantage of eliminating the use of water in the collector system. In addition, the tank has an insulator that can be fitted with a backup pre-heater 32. This is used to establish a minimum system thermal output when there is no enough sunshine (Fred, 2010). Moreover, it greatly reduces freeze susceptibility compared to solar systems that has 1 inch copper. Due to the solar collector system being vented to the atmosphere, those with 0.5 copper inch are easy to assemble and maintain thus allowing excellent heat transfer characteristics (Modular passive solar heating system US 4505261 A, 2010). It also helps in heat exchanger that penetrates the diameter of the tank instead of contracting the periphery of the tank hence providing a lower system profile. Finally, they are able to use less energy and they are

The Religious Elements of Christian Traditions and Catholic Sacraments Research Paper

The Religious Elements of Christian Traditions and Catholic Sacraments in Dracula - Research Paper Example The religious significance of the crucifixes and other Christian elements in Dracula reflects the protective power of Christianity against the intervention of the Muslim religion to Europe. According to Fierobe, Dracula is the representative figure of the Ottoman influence on the European continent and his fleeing from the country marks the new stage in the expansion of the Christian religion across Europe. In Dracula we read: â€Å"When the count saw my face, his eyes blazed with a sort of demoniac fury, and he suddenly made a grab at my throat. I drew away and his hand touched the string of beads which held the crucifix. It made an instant change in him, for the fury passed so quickly that I could hardly believe that it was ever there†. The implications of this quotation are two-fold: on the one hand, Stoker once again supports the significance of the Christian symbols against the satanic evil; on the other hand, Dracula reinforces the sense of inevitability in the eternal c onflict between the Islamic and Christian religions. However, whether Dracula really symbolizes the broad fight between the Ottoman Empire and Europe is difficult to define. To a large extent, the claim about the broader religious implications of Dracula’s role in the story is at least ambiguous and doubtful.

Copper pipe Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Copper pipe - Research Paper Example The fluid that can evaporate is chosen from many available fluids that do not freeze at normal temperatures. Solar collectors that have 0.5 inches have the advantage of eliminating the use of water in the collector system. In addition, the tank has an insulator that can be fitted with a backup pre-heater 32. This is used to establish a minimum system thermal output when there is no enough sunshine (Fred, 2010). Moreover, it greatly reduces freeze susceptibility compared to solar systems that has 1 inch copper. Due to the solar collector system being vented to the atmosphere, those with 0.5 copper inch are easy to assemble and maintain thus allowing excellent heat transfer characteristics (Modular passive solar heating system US 4505261 A, 2010). It also helps in heat exchanger that penetrates the diameter of the tank instead of contracting the periphery of the tank hence providing a lower system profile. Finally, they are able to use less energy and they are

How to enhance expatriate motivation and effectiveness within a Term Paper

How to enhance expatriate motivation and effectiveness within a cross-cultural organization - Term Paper Example ................. 4 1.4 Structure ...................................................................................................................5 2. Theory Review.......................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Work motivation ...................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Definition of motivation ........................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 Motivation theories............................................................................................... 6 2.3.1 Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 2.3.1 Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ..8 2.3.3 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension Model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 2.1.4 Limitation of motivation theory ........................................................................... 12 3. Case Analysis: Nokia in China †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 4. Discussion and Recommendation.......................................................................... 13 5. Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 14 References........................................ ... In the modern world, it is common to find people from different countries and cultures working in the same environment. It is important for these organisations to improve effectiveness so as to better their competitive advantage so as to cope with the mounting competition in the global market. Employees are always willing to realise their goals in the work place. Thereby motivation factors are a concern of the employees and the human resource management. This boils down to the questions on whether employees from different cultural organisations are motivated in different ways and how management can improve overall effectiveness in cross- cultural organisations (Becker, 2000:33). In point of fact, there could be many problems arising in these organisations such as communication difficulties and cultural differences which might negatively impact on the efficiency and cause major problems for the HR department. It is therefore important for the HR department to maintain a motivated work force. Even though, firms face related HRM problems, the duty for culturally diverse organisations is far more intricate than that of their single- culture equals. In order cross- cultural companies to develop a motivate work force it is important for organisations to have a developed understanding of motivation factors (Becker, 2000:35). It is of great importance for companies to find out how employees from different cultural settings react to similar motivating factors, as culture has been found to have a an intense impact on human behaviour (Matic, 2008:94). Recent studies have revealed that people want more than money from work. There are five important issues including the link between work and life, relationship between

Citric Acid Essay Example for Free

Citric Acid Essay Introduction Soft drinks contain acid and sugar. These substances contribute to tooth decay and therefore are a cause for concern. In the first part of the investigation well measure the acidity in blackcurrant juice. Labels on black currant juice drinks usually state citric acid is present in the drink, but it doesnt give you the amount of how much it contains. Dilutable soft drinks contain between 0. 15 2. 5% of citric acid research by The British Drinks Association and therefore the second part of the experiment would be to determine the concentrations of blackcurrant juice in the diluted samples. Investigation 1: Measure the acidity of the blackcurrant juice drink In order to measure the acidity of the blackcurrant juice, Ill titrate black current juice with 0. 1mol of sodium hydroxide and use a pH meter to measure its pH. Technique The technique of this experiment is titration. It is a method of chemical analysis, which is used to determine the volume of concentration needed to react with an unknown solution. Equipments needed for titration: Burette   Conical Flask   Clamp Technique of using titration method: The measurement on the burette (cm3) tells you how much solution you have poured into the substance. This is useful to find the amount of solution needed to balance with the substance. At the end of the burette, there is a small tap that allows you to control the amount of solution needed to pour into the substance. It is important to be accurate on the amount you want to put in. Therefore, right timing and quick reaction is the key skill to this experiment. There are two ways of measuring the pH: pH indicator and pH meter. pH Indicator: A pH indicator is a chemical compound. It shows the pH changes in the substance by changing its colour when added. Different indicators have different colour. They only change its colour when a certain pH is reached. pH meter: A pH meter is an electronic machine used to measure the pH in liquids. It has a special measuring probe called the glass electrode connected to the electronic meter. It will then measure and display the pH reading. Because the black current juice is darkly coloured, therefore pH indicator would not be the most suitable method for this experiment. Im going to use a pH meter for this experiment. The Science Many of the soft drinks contain acids. It is use to balance the sweetness of the sugar present in the drinks. Citric Acid is one of the most common acid uses in soft drinks. Soft drink Blackcurrant juice contains: Water, Sugar, Glucose Fructose Syrup (from wheat and maize), Blackcurrant Juice from Concentrate (4%), Citric Acid, Vitamin C, Preservatives (Sodium Benzoate, Sodium Bisulphate) and Colour (Anthocyanins) Citric Acid Citric Acid is an organic acid. We can find it from citrus fruits such as lemon and orange. It is added to soft drinks to create an acidic taste (sourness). Citric Acid also helps preserve drinks from micro-organism because of its acidity. Micro-organism can only grow and multiply in neutral condition. The reaction between Sodium Hydroxide and Citric acid: The following equation shows the reaction of whats happening during the neutralisation reaction between Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide: Citric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide Sodium citrate + Water C6H8O7 + 3NaOH C6H8O7Na3+ 3H2O From the equation above we have worked out 1 mole of citric acid reacts with 3 moles of sodium hydroxide (1:3 ratios). Graph Demonstration. Strong and Weak Acids Acids are vary in strength. The strength of an acid is based on the number of Hydrogen ions in the atom. Strong acids: Strong acids have a strong proclivity to donate Hydrogen+ ions. All of the strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, Sulphric acid and Nitric acid are all 100% ionised in water. This mean all the strong acid would dissolve the reaction is fully complete and no unreacted substance remains in the solution. Weak acids: Weak acids have a weak tendency to donate Hydrogen+ ions. The donation of hydrogen+ ions does not dissociate completely.

The Devil as Iago in Shakespeare’s Othello Essay -- GCSE Coursework Sh

The Devil as Iago in Shakespeare’s Othello    One question that has often been debated amongst literary scholars is what could have motivated Iago to set off such a chain of events which accumulated in the horrific amount of death and tragic consequences that occur in William Shakespeare’s play Othello. On the surface, one could artificially assume that Iago was spurred by two reasons to carry out such a malicious and inhumane plan. His anger of being passed over for lieutenantship by Othello in favor of Cassio, coupled with his inclinations that his wife has slept with Othello, drives Iago to partake in dangerous and seemingly insurmountable actions in order to climb up the social ladder and exact revenge on Othello. Chief proponents of this belief that Iago was solely motivated by these two factors would argue that he was simply a Machiavellian-inspired villain who took action only in the devised betterment of himself and his current status. However, when one delves into Iago’s unholy actions and intentions on a deeper level, it is clear that a metaphysical element exists in his character that when revealed is utterly haunting and truly horrific. A more penetrating analysis of Iago shows that he is not only the embodiment of evil but that he is in fact the Devil himself, who is set on destroying everything that is good in the lives of Othello’s characters. A main underlying theme that resides in Othello is Shakespeare’s constant usage of outward appearance as opposed to reality. It is Iago, who in the opening act of the play, makes this clearly obvious to the audience stating "I am not what I am"(1.1.65). Although it is not yet revealed to the audience who Iago really is (i.e. the Devil), this statement is a direct rev... ...o: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Literature. N. p.: Random House, 1986. Mack, Maynard. Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993. Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare: Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1957. Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. â€Å"The Engaging Qualities of Othello.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Introduction to The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare. N. p.: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1957

A Good Man Is Hard To Find Essay -- English Literature

A Good Man Is Hard To Find The story "A Good Man is Hard To Find" begins with a family planning to take a vacation to Florida. The grandmother who does not want to take the vacation in Florida is persuading the family. She has read about a crazed killer by the name of the Misfit, who is on the run, heading for Florida. The mambas of her family ignore the grandmother. On the day of the trip, ironically, the grandmother is dressed in her Sunday best. She is decked in white gloves and navy blue dress with matching hat. She is the first one in the car and ready to go. O'Connor is getting the reader to visualize the Southern culture. The grandmother's purpose of dressing this way is to be recognized as a lady, in case someone saw her dead on the highway. This tells me the grandmother's thoughts of death are shallow. Later in the story, the Misfit says, "There never was a body that gave the undertaker a tip." (qtd, in DiYanni 202) The grandmother's readiness for death is an indication that she does not want to go where there is a prisoner on the loose. However, her read...

Language as a badge of identity Essay

Language is used every day to communicate with one another but beneath that conversation lies another message. The speaker’s use of language gives listeners insight as to who they are, like a badge of identity on their chest. Australian English’s unique phonology and lexicon is recognised globally and distinguishes it from other accents, giving the speaker a clear national identity. Ethno-lects are spoken by a specific group of people who have the same cultural background. These â€Å"ethno-lects† not only help express an individual’s identity and separate themselves from the rest, but also assist in bringing together speakers from similar backgrounds; much like a football jersey. Text speak is constantly evolving as lexemes are taking on new changes. Many teenagers and younger children have begun to adopt this in an attempt to identify with others and fit in. Through language, we can get a glimpse of a person’s identity but they can use the same me dium to change that identity as well. Australian English is unlike other Englishes in many different aspects, especially phonetically morphologically and semantically. Phonology plays a great role in national identity as it is what creates different accents. The broad, ocker Australian accent with its trademark nasal, flattened vowels is one of the key elements of Australian linguistics that sets it apart from the rest of the world. Diphthongs in lexemes like â€Å"high† are more rounded, resulting in /hoÉ ª/. Phonetic features such as these are easily identified as Australian. Slang is another feature of Australian English that sets it apart from others. Replacing suffixes with vowels is a good example of this. â€Å"Afternoon† becomes â€Å"arvo†, names like â€Å"Barry† becomes â€Å"Bazza† and by replacing the last element with an ‘-o’, the adjective â€Å"povo† has undergone a word class shift from the noun â€Å"poverty†. Popular culture has also influe nced Australian English, with ABC television series J’amie, Private School girl introducing a semantic and word class shift of ‘quiche’ (a noun meaning a savoury open-faced pastry) to an adjective to describe an attractive individual. Australia’s linguistic innovation displays individuality and opposes claims that slang is borrowed from America.  Australian English shows both national pride and identity. Teenagers are at the age when they are starting to establish their identity. Neologisms are created by teenagers to claim a different identity from that of children or adults. As adults become more familiar with these lexemes and their use, teenagers abandon them or alter the semantics and use to maintain a linguistic barrier. A good example of this is the well-known acronym â€Å"lol† which stands for Laugh Out Loud. As more adults become aware of this lexical item and start to include it in their daily texts, teenagers have brought it into speech as an exclamatory and discourse particle. The case of the letters now also alters the semantics; when typed in lower-case, â€Å"lol† is sarcastic whilst â€Å"LOL† in capital letters shows true amusement. It is evident that this constant changing of terms by teenagers is a sign of rebellion and an effort to keep a linguistic barrier between themselves and adults, thus maintaining a separate identity. The malleability of the lexicon is taken advantage of by teenagers to form a linguistic barrier between themselves and unwanted people such as adults and other teenagers who don’t belong in their group. Thus, a unique identity is maintained. While teenagers are constantly seeking to separate themselves from children and adults, they are also pressured to conform to the teenage group. Acronyms such as â€Å"idek† (I don’t even know) and â€Å"tbh† (to be honest) are now frequently used lexicon in a teenager’s text vocabulary due to connotations of â€Å"cool† and â€Å"modern† being associated with them. Similarly, whatever was once popular amongst a teenager’s discourse. In time, it was shortened to â€Å"whatevs† and this trend spread quickly amongst them as a result of peer pressure and the need to be fashionable. Professor Steven Pinker suggests the reason for this is because â€Å"the coolest kids decide to talk that way and it spreads like wildfire†. Individuals who wish to associate with others who sit higher on the â€Å"social pyramid† will pick up their speech habits and wear it as a new badge of identity. Having their own exclusive vocabulary allows teenagers to relate to each other and share the same identity, giving them a sense of belonging to a group. Language can be worn as a badge of identity, giving speakers national,  interpersonal and intrapersonal identity. The phonology of Australian English gives the speaker a distinct accent and, paired along with its unique slang, makes it identifiable across the globe. In order to separate themselves from adults and children, teenagers build a linguistic barrier by creating neologisms and maintaining that barrier by constantly altering lexicon to avoid adults becoming too familiar with them. On the other hand, inside the teenage group is a drive to conform and use similar language in an attempt to fit in with peers and to have a sense of belonging. Language is used as a badge of identity regardless of what that identity is. Bibliography Das, S, 2005. Struth! Someone’s nicked me Strine. The Age, 29 January. 34. Seaton, M, 2001. Word Up. Guardian, 21 September. 46.

Explain the nature and purpose of the ‘Hitler Youth’ movement

a) To establish a stable future for the Nazi regime, Hitler was determined to gain control of the upcoming generation that was Germany's youth, to do this he created several groups for both boys and girls to teach them Nazi ideology and how to be the ‘superior race'. Hitler's youth movement was made compulsory to join in 1936 and from then on boys at the age of 6-10 wore enlisted to the ‘Pimpf', which translates as little fellows, here they took part in exercises such as hiking and camping. On surpassing the age of 10 they underwent a test from them to reach ‘Deutsche Jungvolk' (or German young people). Only after this wore they enrolled in ‘Hitler youth' when they wore between the ages of 14-18 and there they wore trained on military discipline. The Hitler youth was also used as a way teaching children in anti-Semitism, pride for Germany and allegiance to Hitler. Young children were expected to read books describing how Jewish things and people were evil. There was also the SRD which was a patrol service that would check that all the members of the Hitler Youth were looking smart and that they were carrying a clean handkerchief and comb, which defines the importance of the movement. Baldur Von Schirach led the Hitler youth organization and he had the idea to create individual years for the Hitler youth movement and in 1934 it was the ‘Year of Training' where the kids learned vocational training, and in October were sent to the country to harvest the crops. This was apparently to show them the value of hard manual labor, and how it pays off. The next year was ‘The Year of Physical Training' which consisted of rigorous sport competitions and gladiator like fitness standards. Hitler felt that his youth should have more of a strong character and look more physically healthy rather than to be well educated in the classroom. Hitler wanted his youth to feel that they are better than others are and be proud to be Germans. When in the classroom the teachers taught their curriculum to emphasize Nazi themes and history. The purpose of these male groups was that Hitler was training each and every boy in Germany to become soldiers; the uniforms that they wore were similar to that of the SS, an elite part of the army. The Hitler youth was really a training centre for future members of the SA or the SS. My theory on Hitler's ‘Deutsche Jungvolk' was that children were brainwashed with Nazi ideology and military tactics and concerns. Hitler had complete control over every single stage in the young German boy's lives. Girls were also forced to enrol in a group which was known as ‘Jungmadel' (young maidens) at the age of 10 to 14 and Girls from fourteen to eighteen were in the ‘Bund Deutcher Madel' (BDM) (League of German Girls), the BDM also offered a wide variety of other activities such as reduced rates at movie theaters, going on field trips, and attend camps that lasted anywhere from one day to several weeks. BDM groups got together 2 times a week, one of which was a sports afternoon, the other of which was called ‘Heimatabend' (home evening). During the home evening, girls played music, learned and sang folk songs, played games, or did arts and crafts. The BDM placed big importance on the girls' educations and expected that they would finish school. The purpose of the BDM was to teach women how to care for their health so they could prepare for motherhood and raise as many babies as the German population required and so they remained loyal to his Nazi regime. In conclusion, Hitler used these groups as an opportunity to spread his ideas throughout the nation, and to create a new generation that would be loyal and unified. He gave those under he's teachings a great discriminations of all Jewish people and taught them that they were a superior race. He believed that the future of Nazi Germany were the children and expected children to be like: â€Å"The weak must be chiseled away. I want young men and women who can suffer pain. A young German must be as swift as a greyhound, as tough as leather, and as hard as Krupp's steel.† – Adolf Hitler (http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/hitler_youth.htm) And the groups wore created for this very purpose to serve him if any uprising occurred. He trained children at such a young age as they wore easily susceptible to corruption from Hitler's words and they wore taught that he was a savior for all of Germany so the children looked up to him as if he was a god so they would remain loyal to him in the future. Explain the reason for Nazi policies towards Women b) Women are the foundation to a great new generation and Hitler came to comprehend this fact, to make a great new Germany he would have to control and persuade women to stay at home and raise big families, he saw women as only fit for motherhood and all his policies reflected that he wanted women to be only used to create a new generation of children loyal to Hitler's legacy. To convey his plans all equal rights towards women in the Weimar Republic were abolished. There was practically no equality as Nazi's believed that women had a role that was separate to that of the men so equality was not in the question, they said each sex has different tasks to do and their own separate rights and through this the Nazi's believed they wore being equal.. Hitler passed of laws which ensured that women fulfilled their duty at home and companies were encouraged to give all free job spaces to men. The first examples of women this happened to were women doctors and civil servants. Hitler also allowed no woman to be a judge or prosecutor as he thought they were unable to think logically and without emotion. Hitler needed women at home so that they could have more time on their hands to looking to raise a family so the German population would flourish. Nazis had reasons for their inequality towards women in society as they thought their place was very much in the home as child-bearers and supporters of their husbands. Nazi policies for women were based on the ‘3 K's, Kinder, Kirche, Kuche' (Children, Church and the Kitchen) and encouraged these policies by offering loans, family allowances and child subsides for women to stay at home and were also given medals if they had a large family. By encouraging women to do this and offering rewards for large families Germany's population would grow meaning more young boys being trained to being soldiers and more young girls turning into mothers so Hitler can fill the land he was planning to take control over with Germans. Though there were some exceptions to the policies set by the Nazi's, as if you was a woman of high importance and closely linked to Hitler personally there was some differences. Such as the film director Leni Riefenstahl, whom Hitler admired her work dearly. When he first attended one of her films showings, Hitler sought out the young director and after a very short time appointed her as ‘Film Expert to the National Socialist Party'. Over the next five years Riefenstahl made several films in which Hitler had requested, which in a state where women played a secondary role to men, Riefenstahl was given a free hand by Hitler to produce propaganda films for the Nazi regime. Hitler described Riefenstahl as ‘the perfect German woman'. Another exception was Eva Braun which was Hitler's ‘wife' whom he married only when both had reached a mutual decision to commit suicide a day after their marriage. Eva Braun met Hitler when she was 17 and at the age of 19 At the age of 19, she became Hitler's mistress, received a house, expensive clothes, fast cars and French perfume – but no wedding ring, she also was not pushed into having children which goes against Nazi policies. In conclusion, each policy put in place concerning women in Germany was done so for the sole purpose that they would be fit and efficient mothers such as being discouraged from slimming as this was considered bad for child birth. Though there were the exceptions of a few women who Hitler allowed to lead a life of luxury and freedom, giving them benefits that no other Nazi women could dream of experiencing. ‘The most important reason why there was little opposition in Germany towards the Nazi regime was its use of propaganda.' Explain how far you agree with this statement. c) I agree to this statement to quite a far extent as I feel the Nazi regime cleverly used their use of propaganda to sway the hearts and minds of the German people. Through their complete control of the media the Nazi's wore able to convince people that they are right or were winning the war thus gaining trust throughout Germany. They wore also able to censor any stories or articles which in someway discredit Nazi powers. But their use of deception in the media was not the only reason there was little opposition towards them, fear also played a major part in halting any opposition the Nazi's would otherwise have to face. Hitler had elected Joseph Goebbels as minister for ‘National Enlightenment' and he controlled the media and arts. It was his role to make sure that the media printed Nazi ideology and censored any other idea's put forward. He also set up the ‘Reich Chamber of Commerce' in 1933 and this was designed to deal with all literature, art, music, radio etc. and only those who was part of this chamber was allowed to produce anything from those categories but along side these restricts was the fear of punishment to oppose and of the policies set in place so you could only read, see and hear what the Nazis wanted you to. The use of censorship saw that there was little or no opposition in Germany as when Hitler came into power the Nazi's showed what would happen to things that did not conform to Nazi ideology and Goebbels organized mass book burning sessions in which any book that didn't agree with Nazi idea's was taken out of the library and burnt. Films that wore made at the time concentrated on Nazi beliefs and how Germans wore treated in Eastern Europe. These films helped sway the mind of the people causing little resistance against Nazi regime. Goebbels wanted every German to hear Nazi idea's so he insisted that radios wore constructed and sold cheap to each German citizen so they could hear Hitler give speeches, loud speakers were put up in streets and Cafes and other such properties were ordered to play in public speeches by Hitler, and the consistent hearing of Nazi ideology brainwashed those who listened into believing that the Nazi was the superior race and political system, â€Å"The essence of propaganda consists in winning people over to an idea so sincerely, so vitally, that in the end they succumb to it utterly and can never escape from it.†- Goebbels http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/NaziGermany.htm Goebbels used propaganda to fuel Hitler's hatred for Jews and used them as a scapegoat for blaming Germany's dire situation at the time, and he also implemented young people to Nazi propaganda, Hitler youth, so when they grew up they would not appose his rulings and would follow him in whatever he would say. Even the 1936 Berlin Olympics was used as a way to glorify Nazi Germany and that it was here to stay. He also used propaganda to show how Hitler wanted best for the German people and was really a man of peace but was also determined to recover German territories ‘lost' as a result of the Versailles Treaty of 1919, and this appealed to must Germans and they had felt dishonoured by the land lost so would now not stand up against Hitler. Propaganda also presented Hitler as some sort of ‘mythical figure', for example his famous â€Å"Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Fà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½hrer† (‘One People, One Nation, One Leader') poster which gives the feeling that Hitler is guiding people's destiny and also depicted Hitler as ‘a man of the people'. Hitler used his youth groups as a form of propaganda, brainwashing the children into thinking that he is some sort of superior beings, there were even pictures of him in classrooms and it is reported that some children had started praying to the picture's of him like he was a God. With this mindset Hitler had a strong grip on the next generation that would not appose him in the future. But propaganda was not the only reason for the little opposition, Nazi's made sure their was swift and harsh punishment for those who undermined their ruling and mocking Hitler became an offence that could be punished by being sent to a concentration camp which could possibly lead to death. Hitler's secret police saw to it that anyone who went against the Nazi in any small way would be dealt the most serious of consequences and people wore expected to come to the police if they heard of any unrest against Nazi policies if they didn't they too would be punished, people wore too afraid to stand up against Hitler and his SS men. Also some Germans even though not liking Hitler's rule preferred it over any left wing communist groups, as Hitler did well in lowering unemployment rates buy implementing building, road and house works. Also his order of conscription of men into the army further reduced the amount of unemployed and Germans found thousands of jobs in factory work and weapons production so they benefited from Hitler being in power. People found themselves at a higher standard of living and did not wish to sacrifice it and go back to the days of the depression. Propaganda played a drastic part in why the Nazi's wore able to maintain control with little opposition in Germany, the use of blaming the Jewish people and making out Hitler to be a god made people side with the Nazi regime. The repetitive speeches brainwashed the people into feeling compassionate towards Hitler's cause but I do feel the pure fear of Hitler's SS men did stop many of the German public from speaking out in fear of execution or being murdered and also the fact that all the good Hitler had brought to the country people did not wish to return to their previous state with inflation and mass unemployment.

Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay

Scientific research has come a long way since the first use of human embryos to treat and prevent diseases. The polio vaccine was invented in the 1950’s from the use of human fetal kidney cells, fetuses in uteri were used to develop techniques like amniocenteses and improving knowledge about congenital heart disease in the 1970’s, and in the 1980’s the transplantation of fetal tissue into adults to help with serious conditions like, diabetes or Parkinson’s (Gold, 2004). While there has always been concern and controversy over the use of human embryonic cells, today the debate is ethical. This ethical debate lies within the destruction of human embryos in order to use them for medical research. This paper will talk about how two different theories; utilitarianism and relativism view this ethical issue and the problem it presents, as well as my personal views on use of embryonic stem cell research. The theory of utilitarianism determines what is best by looking at the results of an act. According to Mosser (2010, section 1. 7), â€Å"utilitarianism argues that, given a set of choices, the act we should choose is that which produces the best results for the greatest number affected by that choice. When looking at the use of embryonic stem cells for research, utilitarianism looks at the end result. Embryonic stem cells have the potential to save lives by curing diseases and through the use of transplantation. While some utilitarianism’s may still view the destruction of these cells as the destruction of human life they recognize that their potential is a far better choice, being that this research can potentially help save many lives. The opposition to embryonic stem cell research may have a relativists view. Although one person may see embryonic stem cell research as right, another may see it as wrong based on their own ethical standards that have been provided by their culture or background (Mosser, 2010). The opposition of embryonic stem cell research view the embryo as a person from the day it is conceived, although it does not have any characteristics of a person, it will one day become a person. The thought of destroying human life has raised many important questions that cannot be answered by science. When does life begin? Is a human embryo equivalent to a human child? Does a human embryo have any rights? Might the destruction of a single embryo be justified if it provides a cure for countless number of patients? Since ES cells can grow indefinitely in a dish can, in theory, still grow into a human being, is the embryo really destroyed. (The University of Utah, 2012, para. 5) So what moral status does the human embryo have? To the relativist opposition, the question can only be answered by their personal moral views. To better understand the debate about embryonic stem cell research one must first understand the importance of embryonic stem cell research. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells that are derived from the inner cell mass of the human blastocyst (early embryo) (Hynes, 2008). Many wonder why the use of these cells is so important in scientific breakthroughs. Embryonic stem cells are capable of differentiating into all types of cells in the body. This allows researchers to use ES cells to create any type of cell needed for any patient. Many ask why the use of adult stem cells is not good enough. Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found within the body. These cells only have the ability to â€Å"divide or self-renew indefinitely and generate all the cell types of the organ from which they originate† (Science, 2012, para. 1). Adult stem cell research is not controversial, as it does not require the destruction of human life to acquire them. While adult stem cells have been used to successfully treat things like leukemia and related bone/blood cancers, embryonic stem cells offer a wider variety of treatment options because they have the ability to develop into more than 200 cell types in the body as long as they are specified to do so (Science, 2012). Both sides of this debate may be influenced by religion. There are some religions that regard a human embryo as having human status from the time of conception while others say that an embryo does not have full human status before 40 days (EuroStemCell, 2011). The Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and conservative Protestant Churches are against human embryonic stem cell research, where Judaism and Islam look at and emphasize the importance of the outcome that embryonic stem cell research can bring (EuroStemCell, 2011). As with any debate those who have the same theory may still believe differently based upon their culture, upbringing, and religious background. I find that one could be of a certain religion (Catholic) and still view embryonic stem cell research as a better solution than just discarding unused embryos. The Catholic utilitarian may argue that the it is better to utilize the embryonic stem cells from an infertility clinic for research to potentially save many lives than to discard the cells as if they were. On the other hand the Catholic relativist/utilitarian might argue that this goes against their religious beliefs and is not what is best for the common good. As one can see in this example a person may exercise more than one theory in their lives. One may have been raised to view embryonic stem cell research, as wrong because it destroys human life, but they may also view it is a way to help the common good. This is when these types of decisions, to be for or against something, become a personal struggle. Does one go against what they were raised and taught to believe or do they do what they think is right for the common good of society? Mosser (2010, Section 1. 7) states that, â€Å"utilitarianism gives us what seems to be a clear and fairly easy principle to apply to ethical problems and so determine the right thing to do in specific cases. † This may be the case when it comes to simple decisions that are easy to explain and justify, but when it comes to a moral decision between right and wrong utilitarianism can merely guide us and help clarify these ethical problems (Mosser, 2010). Unfortunately this is why there is such a heated debate with embryonic stem cell research. What one sees as morally right another sees as morally wrong? The reasons may be different, but the end result may be the same. In this case one believes the act of using human embryos for research will help the common good where the other side believes not using human embryos for research will help the common good in value of morals and what status they view the human embryo. Relativism allows one the opportunity to go along with what their culture believes is right or wrong. It keeps one safe, as many people are afraid to express their own opinions and views against anothers views (Mosser, 2010). As with any ethical issue, this theory allows those who do not know enough about it to stay safe and build their views and opinions based on those around them. This allows one to judge another based on a view that has been acquired by commonality rather than facts. This can go both ways with embryonic stem cell research. Although the relativist view can be regarded as the â€Å"popular† view it can be very powerful if one bases their view on facts and knowledge and not just the cultural view. While their will always be disagreements about the use of embryonic stem cell research I find that their use if more beneficial than it is destructive. While everyone is entitled to their own beliefs, is it selfish to oppose the use of embryonic cells, which will be discarded anyway, because it is seen as the destruction of life? I think so. If there is a way to help another in the future through the use of embryonic stem cells, why not? I find myself in agreement with the utilitarianism theory on this matter. It is important for researchers to continue their research to help the common good. The research and researchers must have limitations though.

Are Alternative Energy Sources the Answer to Ending Human Dependence Research Paper

Are Alternative Energy Sources the Answer to Ending Human Dependence on Oil - Research Paper Example Are alternative energy sources the answer to ending human dependence on oil? Defining alternative energy: Alternative energy is the resultant product of alternative fuels, and these are anything that is not â€Å"fossil† based. The question that needs to be answered here is whether or not alternative energy sources are really the answer to ending humanities dependence on fossil based fuels, primarily oil. According to an article in the Virginia Environmental Law Journal, â€Å"All renewable sources of energy (including hydroelectric, biomass, wind, geothermal, and solar) will increase by an annual rate of approximately 2.2 percent and will constitute over ten percent of the overall domestic energy production by 2030† (Rosenberg, 2008). Understanding the mechanisms behind wind energy: Wind power has been utilized for centuries to pump water, grind grain into flour and in the modern times it is used to generate electricity to drive appliances and more. There are many plac ers around the world where steady relatively strong winds remain almost all year long. In these locations the use of efficient wind power may in fact be beneficial, however, as some have seen the installation of wind powered turbines large enough to generate an adequate supply of electricity take up a substantial amount of land, and cause eyesores as well as displacement of wild animals in some areas. Additionally the use of expensive and maintenance intensive batteries filled with environmentally dangerous chemicals adds to the downside of wind power. These drawbacks do not necessarily mean that wind power is not a valid option, in fact they simply mean that there are areas where work should be applied to generate a less expensive, more environmentally sound approach to storage of the electricity and to the actual generation of it through wind power. For some in the windy areas of the United States installing individual wind generating systems and towers is a relatively inexpensive proposition with a long term benefit for the homeowner. Arizona has seen a proliferation of small home sized wind towers and more importantly solar power. Understanding the mechanisms behind solar energy: Solar energy is another form of renewable energy that is virtually free, it is the methods used to harness it that cause consternation or are currently cost prohibitive on a large scale. Solar powered farms generate large amounts of steam, which means they require a large amount of water and they use oil cooled piping and reservoirs to channel the steam and generate the electricity. As a result there are still environmental concerns, and of course the additional concerns that accompany the creation of several square miles of solar farms, which unfortunately is what it would take for a medium sized city. Though technology is advancing there are still drawbacks to the use of solar power. This of course does not mean that using solar power for the individual’s home or for a sm all co-operative of homes is not a beneficial idea. In fact with some of the newer longer lasting gel cell batteries that are relatively maintenance free one can economically supply power to a small community of 5-10 houses without utilizing coal or oil based electric sources. There are numerous small solar powered

Management and Manufacturing Philosophy to Toyota Case Study

Management and Manufacturing Philosophy to Toyota - Case Study Example This management and manufacturing philosophy is, without doubt, the key to Toyota's global success but, upon consideration of the reasons for its recent overtake of the U.S. market, one finds that it is a combination of both its decision to Americanize and its management philosophy. Toyota has Americanized and, its Americanization is large, although not entirely, responsible for its success in the U.S. market. As Naughton et al. (2005) explain, a change of leadership at Toyota led to the abandonment of its "cooperative competition doctrine," as which outlined that Toyota's presence in the United States would not be that of a competitor whose goal was to overtake leading American car manufacturers such as GM. Instead, Toyota was to maintain a "respectful distance" in order to avoid arousing both public and political anger as a direct outcome of its appearing to undermine U.S. symbols, in this case, GM (Naughton et al., 2005). Therefore, even though it had the capacity and the potential to compete with GM and, eventually, to dominate the U.S. market, Toyota's leadership made the strategic decision to avoid doing so. Toyota's decision to forgo its "cooperative competition" philosophy is not, in its... ose aim was the weakening of the American economy and the strengthening of the Japanese one but, as a domestic manufacturer, an American automobile manufacturer whose origins happen to be foreign. Indeed, its decision to hire American managers in its U.S. plants and offices and to give itself a quintessentially American image facilitated public and political acceptance of it as a constructive addition to the American economy (Fujimoto, 1999). The implication here is that Americanization effectively annihilated the protective barrier which domestic consumers generally impose vis--vis foreign competitors whom they believe function as a threat to the health of the domestic economy and, by extension, to the livelihood of the domestic labor force (Fujimoto, 1999). That Toyota's decision to reinvent itself as an American company, to abandon its "cooperative competition" doctrine, is that one change which stands out as central to its recent successes on the U.S. market, is an opinion echoed by several (Taylor and Kahn, 1997; Fujimoto, 1999; Schonberger, 2001). Taylor and Kahn (1997) contend that success on the American market was not simply an outcome of its adoption of an American image,' but its highly successful embrace of the American management and competitive philosophy.  Ã‚  

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR - Term Paper Example The company through its wide variety of mobile and web applications makes it easy for the customers to carry out their day to day business operations. Through its mobile operated App it allows the customers to share, connect and communicate with others living far away. The customers can even share photos and videos with their friends and followers. Another important App that the company has newly launched is that of the money transaction App which allows the customer pay bills, transfers money to their close ones within a fraction of seconds. Organizational citizen behavior is considered to be a component of job performance. It deals with the fact that how well an employee connected to an organization performs, and the performance of an employee will in turn have an impact on the company’s success. Organizational behavior refers to employee commitment as the employees stand out to be a backbone of the particular organization. Researchers have stated that job satisfaction is very important for an employee. If the employees are satisfied with their job, they are bound to perform well as per the company’s protocol. EZ-Chat Inc. a social networking giant has been performing very well since the last five years as it has around ten million customers and the list is still growing. However, a recent study has indicated that often the employees of EZ-Chat Inc. wish for a job change due to too much work load. Hence, they become victims to sleeplessness and nervous disorders. Interpersonal communication between the employees and the organization is very important for maintaining a positive work atmosphere. A friendly work atmosphere with no politics gives a lot of job satisfaction to the employees and the employees eventually perform well. Easy Chat Inc. provides a big opportunity to its customers to maintain an interpersonal relationship with their

Lyme Bay and Tort Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Lyme Bay and Tort Law - Essay Example The case of teenager deaths of canoeing in the Lyme Bay in March 1993 should be considered in the context of tort law. There are different aspects of the case, which should not have occurred at all. The canoeing activity should have been reconsidered under stricter regulations. St. Alban's Centre lacked of a proper supervision of canoeing activity. Therefore, the individual from the company was accused of four teenagers’ deaths. The involvement and mutual cooperation of parental, educational, health and social organizations resulted in legal regulations changes in the field of outdoors businesses. On March 22nd 1993 the canoeing party was organized by teachers and pupils and they were under supervision of two instructors from the St Alban's Centre. They were intended to reach Lyme Regis by lunchtime. The raft was far away from teachers and students and they were protected by life jackets. Only at 18:40 the rest of party members were rescued by helicopter . Consequently, this c ase is an appeal for the publicity to better regulate safety of outdoor activities for pupils. The coastguard was accused of oversight of their rescue activities and there was a need to better develop rescue operations on the coast. The main emphasis is made on outdoor education, which has been provided by the charitable organizations and authorities. Tort law implications In terms of tort law there are different prospects on this study. On the one hand, participants of Lyme Bay accident were under protected. On the other hand, their deeds and actions were neglected by the employees, who were not informed on time. Thus, in order to give an unprejudiced evaluation of the situation, it is relevant to focus on safety standards of recreation regulations of 90s. The ACAC Code of Practice is one of the most essential steps in the area of recreational sphere protection. Both the implications of statutory regulations and self-regulations were much concerned2. There was a need for an effective research and survey in the field of health and safety protection in the area of recreation activities. The role of public was essential, because people had a chance to have an access to required information about the relevant inspections. Lyme Bay accident was a starting point for considerations taken by the Departments for Education (DFE) about safe ty and protection of teachers and pupils at schools3. Explicit regulations at the governmental level taken by the government are also considered to be safety and protection laws determinants for further implementation at the local level. Moreover, it was found out that it is relevant to "place Education Authorities across the country in an invidious and untenable position" and there is a need for existence of monitoring organizations recording serious violations of activity centers4. Otherwise the public concerns of parents would be dubious with respect to pupils’ safety at school. The role of public concern and its explication in the tort law led to positive changes in

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar - Assignment Example His father, also called Gaius Julius Caesar, was governor of the province of Asia while his mother, Aurelia Cotta, was from an influential family (Fuller 9). He got the privileged education and as a child, under his father’s watchful eye he would drive a goat chariot, pretending to be a triumphant general, perhaps an early pointer to the triumphs that would later define his adult life. Rome was ruled by such families and from an early age, the young Caesar could have been indoctrinated with the idea that his role in life was to pursue the highest political ambitions and carry on the family name. Malcolm X – born Malcolm Little – on the other hand, was born into a family on the lower ranks of the socioeconomic spectrum. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a housewife who spent her time taking care of the family’s eight children while his father was a Baptist pastor and civil rights protester. The young Malcolm, therefore, did not have a cozy childhood the which Caesar had. One begins to see how these two men would grow to embrace the causes and have the approaches to life around them that they had in their later lives – one seeking to conquer and the other seeking to be free. Events, however, begin to shape these two lives that started out so different towards a common destiny of greatness. Both Ceasar and Malcolm X grew up in turbulent environments. The background would help give them the steely determination and ruthless ambition which they would later use to advance their respective causes. Caesar’s formative years were a time of turmoil in the Roman Republic; there were several wars from 91 BC to 82 BC. Roman politics was highly polarized. Caesar’s father suddenly died when the young Caesar was in his teens and was forced to be head of the family. He needed a guide and someone to protect him, especially from the then dictator, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who did not like the Caesar family. He found this in the p erson of his distinguished uncle, Gaius Marius, who had achieved a position of immense importance in Roman politics and warfare. Marius was regarded as a champion of the underprivileged of Italy and with his guidance Caesar became a confident young man (Fuller 15). From around 82 BC to 80 BC, though, the dictator, Sulla, began to rid Rome of his enemies and Caesar was among the individuals targeted. Marius had died by now and Caesar was left vulnerable to Sulla’s reign of terror. The environment was so hostile, and he fled Rome to Asia Minor. Malcolm X, too, grew up in a particularly hostile environment. It was at a time when racial discrimination was at its height. His father’s civil rights activism encouraged death intimidation from the white supremacist group, Black Legion, making them migrate twice before Malcolm’s fourth birthday (Biography 1). It is noted in his biography on his official website that in 1929, Malcolm's family home in Michigan was burned by arsonists, and two years later â€Å"†¦Earl’s body was found lying across the town’s trolley tracks† (1). Malcolm and his other siblings were split up amongst various foster homes and orphanages. Hostility would remain with both Malcolm and Caesar even in their adult lives as public figures and eventually lead to their assassination.  Ã‚